Petra Diamonds

Clock is Ticking on Luanda Accord, says AWDC

The Antwerp World Diamond Centre (AWDC) has publicly expressed frustration over the stalled $100m-plus global campaign to promote natural diamonds, agreed in Angola almost four months ago.

It says there is no time to waste in implementing the breakthrough Luanda Accord, in which African diamond producers pledged one per cent of their rough export sales to fund promotions by the Natural Diamond Council (NDC).

They call on producer nations, the NDC, and industry partners worldwide to take the next decisive step: to release the pledged funds, to activate the agreed framework, and to begin the campaign.

“Luanda was supposed to be the turning point,” say AWDC chairman Isi Morsel and vice chairman Ravi Bhansali (pictured) in a hard-hitting open letter published today (9 October). “It can still be – but only if we move from promises to action.

“The agreements are signed. The budgets are pledged. Yet implementation has stalled. The funds have not been transferred. The campaign has not begun. And the clock is ticking.”

The Luanda Accord, described as a potential turning point for the sector, aims to rebuild consumer trust and interest in natural diamonds over lab growns, by emphasizing their origin, authenticity, and community impact.

“We understand that bureaucratic processes take time,” say Morsel and Bhansali in their letter. “But time is exactly what we do not have. Every delay weakens the credibility of the commitment we all made together.

“Let us be clear: this is not about assigning blame. It is about living up to a collective commitment. We therefore urge all signatories to the Luanda Accord – producer nations, the Natural Diamond Council, and industry partners worldwide – to take the next decisive step: release the pledged funds, activate the agreed framework, and begin the campaign.”

Full text of the letter:

Luanda Was a Breakthrough. But Diamonds Can’t Wait Forever.

By Isi Morsel and Ravi Bhansali – Chairman and Vice Chairman, Antwerp World Diamond Centre (AWDC)

A few months ago in Luanda, something remarkable happened.

For the first time in decades, our industry stood united – producers, manufacturers, traders, and policymakers. Africa’s leading diamond nations. India’s powerful trade bodies. Belgium’s leadership. The UAE’s dynamic hub. We came together, and we signed.

The Luanda Accord was not just another declaration. It was a concrete commitment to act – to protect and promote the story of natural diamonds through a global, African led marketing initiative. Producer countries pledged to contribute 1% of their rough export revenues to a collective fund, exceeding $100 million, to be managed transparently by the Natural Diamond Council. The goal: to educate consumers, inspire the next generation, and clearly distinguish natural diamonds from synthetics.

That day in Luanda, there was real momentum. Real hope. For once, words were turning into action.

But today, four months later, that momentum is fading.

The agreements are signed. The budgets are pledged. Yet implementation has stalled.

The funds have not been transferred. The campaign has not begun. And the clock is ticking.

We are entering the most crucial season of the year – the global gifting season – when the world looks for symbols of love, authenticity, and permanence. If we don’t act now, we will miss this moment. And in our industry, missed moments don’t just mean lost sales – they mean lost livelihoods.

Because natural diamonds are not just luxury products. They are the economic backbone of producing nations. They build schools in Botswana, fund hospitals in Angola, feed families in Namibia, and provide opportunities for thousands of polishers and artisans from Surat to Johannesburg.

That is the real story of natural diamonds – a story of people, pride, and purpose. A story no laboratory can replicate.

But the world won’t hear that story unless we tell it.

While we hesitate, lab-grown diamonds are flooding the market with billions in advertising. Algorithms are replacing emotion with price. Influencers â€” often uninformed â€” are redefining the narrative in ways that undermine everything our industry stands for.

Luanda was supposed to be the turning point. It can still be – but only if we move from promises to action.

We understand that bureaucratic processes take time. But time is exactly what we do not have. Every delay weakens the credibility of the commitment we all made together.

Let us be clear: this is not about assigning blame.

It is about living up to a collective commitment.

We therefore urge all signatories to the Luanda Accord – producer nations, the Natural Diamond Council, and industry partners worldwide – to take the next decisive step: release the pledged funds, activate the agreed framework, and begin the campaign.

Luanda can still stand as a true milestone – the moment when our industry turned unity into action.

Because the diamond story is, above all, a human story. And the world needs to hear it – now.

Yours Sincerely,

Isidore Morsel

President AWDC

Ravi Bhansali

Vice President AWDC

Source: IDEX

Okavango: “It wasn’t an Emergency Tender”

Okavango, Botswana’s state-owned diamond company, says its planned sale of 1m rough carats last month was not “an emergency tender”.

And it says the fact that it didn’t sell a single stone didn’t mean it was a failure. Rather, it was the result of a “deliberate and prudent decision to withhold certain goods”.

The “closed” tender on 25 September was reportedly aimed at raising revenue for the government (something the company denies) which had been severely hit by the slump in demand for natural diamonds. But buyers weren’t prepared to pay the reserve prices.

“Withholding goods in the short term ensures better outcomes for the market,” Okavango Diamond Company’s managing director Mmetla Masire (pictured) said in a statement.

“We will not join the race to the bottom on prices, our focus is on protecting the integrity and enduring value of Botswana’s diamonds.”

It said the tender was scheduled back in July and was part of regular sales management, not a last-minute revenue-raising emergency.

The ad hoc tender was a marked departure from the norm. ODC usually holds about 10 scheduled online spot auctions annually for registered buyers, typically raising at least $60m.

The company now sells 30 per cent of the rough output from Debswana, the 50/50 joint venture between the Botswana government and De Beers.

Source: IDEX

6.95-Carat Pink Diamond to Headline Vanderbilt Family Jewels Auction in Geneva

A spectacular 6.95-carat fancy vivid purplish pink Golconda diamond will lead The Geneva Jewels Auction: V, as Phillips Geneva prepares to offer an extraordinary collection of jewels once owned by the legendary Vanderbilt family, once America’s richest dynasty.

Among the highlights is a Tiffany & Co. 42.68-carat sugarloaf Kashmir sapphire and diamond brooch, estimated at US$1 million to US$1.5 million, alongside a step-cut Kashmir sapphire and diamond ring weighing 18.09 carats (estimate US$2.2 million to US$2.8 million). The sale also features a stunning pair of brilliant-cut diamond ear studs, weighing 8.00 and 8.28 carats, both graded D colour, VVS1 clarity, with an estimate of US$600,000 to US$850,000.

The Vanderbilt name is synonymous with immense wealth and American industrial power. The family’s fortune began with Cornelius Vanderbilt, who, at age 16, borrowed $100 from his mother to start a ferry service in 1810. He later built a shipping and railroad empire that made him the richest man in the United States, worth about $100 million at his death in 1877 — equivalent to at least $185 billion today.

His son, William Henry Vanderbilt, further doubled that fortune to over $200 million (around $370 billion in today’s terms). However, the family’s wealth gradually dispersed over subsequent generations, with the combined net worth of the Vanderbilt descendants now estimated at around $200 million.

The Geneva Jewels Auction: V, featuring The Vanderbilt Family Jewels, will take place on 10 November at Phillips Geneva, marking a rare opportunity for collectors to acquire pieces linked to one of America’s most storied families.

Fabergé’s Legendary Winter Egg Expected to Shatter Records with $27 Million Estimate

The 1913 Winter Egg with its hidden floral surprise.

A rare Fabergé masterpiece — the Winter Egg, crafted in 1913 from rock crystal and adorned with 1,660 diamonds — is set to reclaim its world record with an estimated sale price exceeding $27 million when it goes under the hammer at Christie’s London on 2 December.

Commissioned by Tsar Nicholas II as an Easter gift for his mother, the Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna, the exquisite egg was designed by Alma Theresia Pihl, one of only two female artists to ever design for the House of Fabergé.

Standing four inches tall, the Winter Egg opens to reveal a platinum trelliswork basket of carved quartz flowers, each delicately set with rose-cut diamonds and demantoid garnet centres, resting on a base of gold moss. The egg itself sits upon a rock-crystal plinth shaped like melting ice, symbolising the transition from winter to spring — a theme often celebrated in Fabergé’s Imperial creations.

The piece will be the centrepiece of The Winter Egg and Important Works by Fabergé from a Princely Collection sale. Christie’s confirmed the estimate is “in excess of £20 million” (US$26.9 million).

The Winter Egg has twice held the world record for a Fabergé piece sold at auction — fetching $9.1 million in Geneva in 1994 and $9.6 million in New York in 2002. The current record holder, the Rothschild Egg, achieved $11.9 million at Christie’s London in 2007, a benchmark the Winter Egg is now poised to surpass.

Between 1885 and 1916, the House of Fabergé produced 50 Imperial Easter Eggs, with 43 known to survive today. Most reside in museum collections, while only seven, including the Winter Egg, remain in private hands — making this sale a landmark moment for collectors and historians alike.

Antwerp Negotiates Zero US Tariff for Polished Diamonds

The US has agreed to ditch its 15 per cent tariff on imports of diamonds polished in Antwerp and elsewhere in the EU.

They will be zero-rated, following intensive lobbying from the AWDC (Antwerp World Diamond Centre).

The exemption, made in a US executive order, means Antwerp’s 350 or so diamond polishers are now subject to zero tariffs on US imports, while the thousands of polishing units in India are currently subject to a 50 per cent tariff.

The 15 per cent tariff was introduced on 1 September as part of a global move announced by US President Donald Trump. The new diamond exemption is effective retroactively from that date.

AWDC described it as a “tremendous boost for the Antwerp diamond industry,” one which could pave the way for other diamond countries to negotiate lower tariffs with the US.

CEO Karen Rentmeesters (pictured) said: “The agreement is of vital importance and strengthens our competitiveness as both a trading and polishing hub. For goods of European origin – polished in Antwerp – which account for half of all polished diamond exports to the U.S., the 15 per cent tariff will no longer apply.

“By setting this precedent, we have opened the door for other diamond-producing and polishing countries to negotiate similar arrangements in the near future.”

Diamonds polished in an EU country are now included on the list of exemptions summarized in so-called ‘Annex II,’ which outlines products that can be exempted once a bilateral trade agreement with the U.S. is reached.

Source: IDEX

Diamonds as Time Capsules: Rare Inclusions Reveal Hidden Chemistry Deep Within Earth’s Mantle

Two extraordinary diamonds from South Africa have provided scientists with a rare glimpse into the hidden chemistry of Earth’s mantle—nearly 300 kilometres beneath the surface.

A research team from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem has identified the first direct evidence of nickel-iron metallic alloys and nickel-rich carbonates at these extreme depths. The discovery was made by examining tiny inclusions preserved inside diamonds from the Voorspoed mine in South Africa.

Diamonds as Nature’s Record Keepers

While diamonds are prized for their beauty, their true scientific value often lies in what they conceal. Inclusions—whether microscopic minerals or metallic alloys—serve as natural records of deep-Earth processes that would otherwise remain invisible.

“These diamonds act as tiny time capsules, preserving a rare chemical reaction that would otherwise disappear,” explained lead researcher Yaakov Weiss.

The inclusions confirm the diamonds’ origins in the deep upper mantle and shallow transition zone, at depths of 280–470 kilometres.

Unlocking Diamond Formation

The study revealed an unusual coexistence of nickel-iron alloy and nickel-rich carbonate within the same inclusions. Normally, these materials would react instantly and could not exist side by side. Their preservation points to a process known as a metasomatic redox-freezing reaction, in which oxidised, carbon-rich melts infiltrate metal-bearing mantle rock.

This finding strengthens the theory that diamonds can form from reactions between carbonates and reduced metals in the mantle—a mechanism first suggested by evidence at shallower depths.

It may also explain why some natural diamonds contain nickel atoms within their crystal structure, solving a mystery that has long puzzled geologists.

Insights into Volcanoes and Kimberlites

The implications extend beyond diamond formation. The reactions preserved within these inclusions suggest that the mantle becomes enriched with elements like carbon and potassium. This enrichment may be a critical step in generating kimberlite magmas—the volcanic eruptions that transport diamonds to the surface.

A Scientific Treasure

For the DCLA, this discovery highlights yet another dimension of diamond’s significance. Beyond their role as treasured gems, diamonds are windows into Earth’s inaccessible depths, preserving geological secrets for millions of years.

As Yaakov Weiss put it:
“Diamonds act as tiny time capsules, capturing a moment of mantle chemistry in action.”

Diamond selling processes are outdated and hurting producers, trader says

The sale of diamonds through tenders and auctions is opaque and inefficient and should be revamped for producers to earn more and to survive the current price slump, a leading gem trader said on Thursday.

Oded Mansori, co-founder and managing partner of Belgian gem trader HB Antwerp, said the impact on producers could be reduced by doing away with inefficiencies in the industry.

The diamond market is currently going through a prolonged downturn with demand hurt by global economic uncertainty and the rising popularity of lab-grown stones.

Producer countries such as Botswana have been hard hit by lower revenues, while miners such Burgundy and Lesotho’s biggest diamond mine Letseng have had to lay off workers.

“For years, miners relied on tenders and auctions, systems that look efficient on paper but in practice resemble a casino,” Mansori said in a statement, as the industry battles a crisis considered to be its deepest in history.

“Rough stones are pushed into opaque markets where value is anyone’s guess. When global demand softens, as it has in cycles over the last decade, producers are left exposed. Workers pay the price, while shareholders watch assets decline,” he added.

Rough diamonds are typically sold through a competitive bidding system where buyers place confidential bids on individual stones or parcels.

Mansori, whose company operates a profit-sharing model with miner Lucara Diamond Corp, says producers’ revenues should be tied to the eventual polished value of its stones “rather than gambling on rough sales in opaque auctions”.

Under its partnership with Lucara, HB Antwerp buys stones of 10.8 carat quality and above from the Toronto-listed company’s Karowe Mine in central Botswana at prices based on the estimated polished value of each diamond.

HB Antwerp accounted for 72% of Lucara’s $74-million diamond revenue in the six months to June 30, up from 65% the year before.

The trader says producers can earn up to 40% more revenue if they sell through this model.

Source: Miningweekly

After 15 Years, Disputed Diamonds Finally being Sold

Rough diamonds that were locked in a 15-year legal dispute in Zimbabwe are finally being sold.

The UK miner Vast Resources is offering parcels totaling 135,000 carats at a series of public and private tenders from now until the end of October.

Vast surrendered the gems in 2010 amid allegations it had exploited diamonds on mining claims previously owned by De Beers, which withdrew from Marange in 2006, saying it had failed to find viable reserves.

Vast Resources (then known as African Consolidated Resources) subsequently discovered massive alluvial diamond deposits there, which prompted the Zimbabwe government to revoke its mining licenses within months, and evict it.

The diamonds, held at Zimbabwe’s central bank since 2009, were finally handed back to Vast in April of this year.

They have undergone an extensive cleaning process in Dubai to remove multiple layers of metallic silicates and mineral coatings. As a result, around 6,000 carats initially classified only as industrial diamonds have been upgraded to gem quality.

In an update (on 15 September) Vast spoke of “a unique opportunity to most effectively realize value from the long-awaited parcels from the historic settlement and could open further opportunities for the company in the future”.

Source: IDEX

Lab Growns – without the High Pressure or Temperature

Researchers at the University of Tokyo say they’ve found a way to make tiny diamonds without the need for high temperature or high pressure conditions – unlike current lab grown technology.

They use electron beams to break and remake bonds in adamantane (C10H16), a carbon molecule in which atoms are arranged in a pattern very similar to the atomic structure of diamond.

The process takes tens of seconds under transmission electron microscopy conditions in a vacuum (low-pressure chamber)

A team led by Professor Eiichi Nakamura, of the Department of Chemistry, has published its findings in the journal Science, in an article entitled Rapid, low-temperature nanodiamond formation by electron-beam activation of adamantane C-H bonds.

It explains how the controlled electron irradiation of adamantane produces defect-free nanodiamonds.

The breakthrough process is aimed at creating tiny diamonds for high-tech industries, scientific research, and medical fields, rather than larger gem-quality stones.

It works through gradual assembly of diamond lattice from adamantane molecules under prolonged electron irradiation, which naturally limits the size to nanodiamonds currently.

Larger diamond growth would require controlling fusion of these nanocrystals and sustained lattice perfection over much longer times and at a larger scale.

Gem quality lab growns are created either using High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), which uses high temperatures and low pressure.

Source: IDEX

US Tariffs: Patek Philippe “to Hike Prices by 15%”

Patek Philippe will reportedly hike watch prices by 15 per cent tomorrow (Monday 15 September) in response to US reciprocal tariffs.

If confirmed, it will be Patek Philippe’s third price rise in the US this year, according to the WatchPro website.

Prices were increased in January because of soaring gold prices and the strength of the Swiss franc, and in April as a response to the US announcement of across-the-board tariffs.

Authorized dealers will also have their margins cut. Patek Philippe will be the first Swiss watchmaker to raise prices since the US introduced 39 per cent tariffs on 7 August.

Watchmakers rushed to export their goods ahead of the tariff deadline, resulting in a 6.9 per cent increase during July.

But price increases in the near future are almost inevitable as the reciprocal tariffs bite and stocks need replenishing.

One of the lowest-priced Patek Philippes, the $26,000 stainless steel Patek Philippe Aquanaut Ref. 5167A-001 (pictured) will cost $30,000 if the price increases take place.

Source: IDEX